Duel in the captain's daughter analysis. A

A.S. Pushkin loved history very much. He dealt with it almost professionally. And it is no coincidence that he did not ignore the topic of the “Pugachev rebellion.” Describing this topic and the topic of the role of man during historical processes, the author could not help but depict the conflict between a man of honor and his antipode.

In the story “The Captain's Daughter,” the culmination of this conflict was the duel between Grinev and Shvabrin. Both are young officers and nobles. Shvabrin is really older. Both serve in a “god-forsaken” small fortress standing on the border of the steppe. True, they got there for different reasons. Grinev is at the behest of his father, but voluntarily, and Shvabrin is sent into “exile” for unseemly actions. Grinev is honest with everyone, but is kind and gentle only with good people. He is pure at heart. It’s not just that he immediately became “native” to the Mironov family, and Masha immediately fell in love with him. Shvabrin is cunning, envious and malicious by nature. Nothing is sacred to him.

The formal reason for the duel was Shvabrin’s insulting words and tone towards Masha. But the essence of what is happening is, of course, much deeper. Grinev would protect any girl in such a situation. He acted not in the name of his love, but out of noble motives - in the name of justice. Shvabrin had a completely different motive.

He feels that Grinev is very dangerous for his plans regarding Maria and is deliberately provoking him. He planned a murder, considering Grinev an inexperienced swordsman.

The duel itself in the story “The Captain's Daughter” is divided into two episodes. The first part of it did not take place, but the second, part that took place, was the duel by the river. The first duel was interrupted by an officer of the fortress as soon as it began. Someone saw or heard about the intention of the two officers and reported on command. Ivan Ignatievich, accompanied by five disabled soldiers, escorted the violators to the commandant of the fortress. They scolded them, tried to reconcile them, and even forced them to kiss. But the conflict was not over. The rivals reconciled only in words. In fact, they agreed to continue the duel. Already hiding and hiding, they came to the river, where they continued the duel. Shvabrin did not expect that Grinev was so well trained in sword fighting and began to gradually retreat to the river. But chance helped him. Grinev's servant Savelich, worried about the absence of his master and bad premonitions, found him on the river bank and distracted him. Just distracted for a moment. But this was enough for the insidious Shvabrin; he poked the tip of his sword into the right side of Grinev’s chest. He fell and did not regain consciousness for several days. But the wound turned out to be not severe and he soon gets back to his feet.

As practice has shown, including with the author of the story himself, a duel does not solve any problems. And the winners in them are often not noble and worthy people, but rogues and tricksters. The same thing happened with the duel described. Grinev understands that Shvabrin is “distorting” his soul by asking him for forgiveness. But still he forgives and forgives sincerely. He would not have done anything to him if Shvabrin had not continued to tyrannize Masha. And Shvabrin only hid his anger and anger. And more than once he tried, directly or through intermediaries, to kill Grinev or cause him significant damage. Grinev more than once during his short life He went to his death to preserve his principles. Shvabrin applied his principles only to achieve his own selfish goals and selfish interests. History and A.S. Pushkin clearly showed which of the participants in these duels was right.

Option 2

Pyotr Grinev and Alexey Shvabrin are the heroes of the story “The Captain's Daughter”. They both come from noble families, young officers serving in the Belogorsk fortress. Grinev ended up in this place at the request of his father, and Shvabrin was demoted from the guard for murder in a duel.

At first, friendly relations developed between them, but gradually the young people began to move away from each other. Peter did not like Shvabrin’s caustic jokes and poisonous ridicule, especially about the captain’s daughter, Masha Grineva. Both officers felt sympathy for this girl. Only Alexei, who had previously wooed her, was rejected by Masha. Since then, he harbored a grudge against Masha and slandered her at every opportunity.

A quarrel over a song composed by Grinev led the colleagues to a duel, which did not take place immediately. The duel had to be postponed for a short time due to excessive talkativeness of Lieutenant Ivan Ignatievich, whom Peter invited to become his second. The commandant of the fortress and his wife tried to try on their rivals and did not punish them. However, the young officers were not going to forgive each other and decided to fight in secret from everyone, without seconds.

The very next day, the enemies carried out their plans in a secluded place near the river. Shvabrin had excellent command of the sword and hoped to easily defeat the enemy, but his expectations were not met. Peter did not yield to him. He remembered fencing lessons from the French teacher Beaupré. Thanks to them, as well as with the help of youth and enthusiasm, Peter was able to drive Shvabrin into a corner. All he had to do was inject. At this most inopportune moment, Peter's servant Savelich appeared and called out to him. Grinev turned away for a minute, which the enemy took advantage of, striking him in the chest. As a result of this, Grinev was seriously wounded and was unconscious for four days. While he was being treated, Masha looked after him all this time. At the first opportunity, Peter declared his love to her, and the girl reciprocated his feelings.

In the first days of his recovery, Grinev asked to release Shvabrin from arrest, generously forgiving him of all insults. Alexey, in turn, repented to Peter, admitting that he was guilty of everything. Thus, they made peace, as it turned out later, not for long.

Shvabrin did not rest on this and continued the war with his opponent. He wrote an anonymous letter to Grinev’s parents, in which he reported on the duel that had taken place, presenting Peter in an unfavorable light. As a result of this, Grinev’s angry father did not give his consent to his son’s marriage to Marya Ivanovna.

Later, fate will collide the two enemies more than once. In the end, Shvabrin will be punished for all his atrocities; and Grinev, having gone through all the trials and failures, marries Masha and finds quiet family happiness.

Essay Duel of Grinev and Shvabrin

Describing historical events in his works, Pushkin deeply studied the facts, delved into the essence of what was happening, and only after that gave them artistic coloring. One of such works in his work is the story “The Captain's Daughter”. In this story, Pushkin touches on the events of the “Pugachev revolt”.

The leitmotif of the work is the conflict between two officers, Grinev and Shvabrin. Both of them are nobles, serving on a distant border. One of them serves of his own free will, devotedly and faithfully, while the second came here as a form of punishment, and this largely differentiates the characters in the story. The difference in the characters of these young people clearly shows the formation of personality in extreme situations, behavior patterns, and the development of a point of view.

The cause of the conflict between the two officers was Shvabrin’s disrespectful attitude and rude statements towards the commandant’s daughter, Masha. Grinev, a sincere and honest young man, defended the dignity of his beloved girl. Actually, it's a little deeper. From Grinev’s behavior and characteristics it becomes clear that he would have done this in any case, even if it were not Masha, but some other girl. Unlike Shvabrin, there is no meanness or hypocrisy in him. For Shvabrin, a duel is a reason for the unpunished murder of a strong opponent. Shvabrin was confident in his superior sword skills, and when he sensed a skilled opponent in front of him, he struck Grinev on the sly, taking advantage of his momentary distraction by calling a servant.

This whole conflict shows the essence of the human soul. How a person behaves in small things should be expected from him in larger things. This is what happened in this story. Grinev stayed until the end an honest man, a brave, decisive officer. He goes to certain death several times, but does not betray his principles, defending honor and justice. In Shvabrin, a duel with Grinev reveals all his base vices, and although he emerged victorious in that duel, he lost in life. In the current situation with Pugachev, he easily betrayed his friends, colleagues, betrayed his Motherland, which means that morally the man also lost himself.

The duel between Grinev and Shvabrin in Pushkin’s story is a duel between opposing views. Using the example of two officers, Pushkin was able to convey with maximum accuracy the atmosphere of that troubled time of the Pugachev rebellion.

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“The Captain's Daughter” is a work by A. S. Pushkin about honor, dignity and, of course, love. One of the brightest scenes of the work is the duel between Grinev and Shvabrin.

Reasons for the duel

Alexey Shvabrin was the initiator of the duel. But his true motives were not that Peter had offended his honor, but that he wanted to get rid of Peter, to make Grinev leave the fortress as soon as possible. He saw the emerging feelings between Masha and Peter. But the main reason for the duel is not love or jealousy, not hurt honor, but Shvabrin’s vanity, prudence, and vindictiveness. He wanted to punish the girl who refused his marriage proposal. Therefore, the reason for the duel turned out to be completely far-fetched - Grinev composed a small love song, and Shvabrin latched onto the name in it. He told Grinev nasty things about Masha, but Peter realized that this was slander and called Shvabrin scoundrels. Thus, Shvabrin himself became the initiator of a situation in which a duel was inevitable.

Failed attempt

The duel failed the first time. During a duel there must be a second. But Ivan Ignatich, whom Grinev asked about this, refused. He motivated this by the fact that he doesn’t feel sorry for Shvabrin. but his meanness is obvious, and it may happen that Grinev will suffer. The old lieutenant did not want to participate in something that could bring misfortune. He strongly recommended that Grinev abandon this idea.

That morning, when the duelists met, ready for battle, the lieutenant appeared at the scene of the duel with five disabled people. The swords were taken away and hidden. Vasilisa Egorovna scolded Grinev and Shvabrin. Everyone had the impression that the conflict was over.

But soon Masha told him that Shvabrin had previously wooed her, but he was unpleasant to her, and she refused him. Then the true motives for Shvabrin’s attacks were revealed to Grinev. His decision to participate in the duel became even firmer.

Progress of the duel

But the duel between Grinev and Shvabrin still took place. Shvabrin was determined. He seized the moment when Grinev was alone at home, no one was watching him. Shvabrin was sure that Grinev was not experienced in matters of sword fighting, but the lessons of the French teacher were not in vain. Peter wielded his sword boldly and confidently. In addition, Grinev was superior to Shvabrin in youth and health, and when Shvabrin was already tired, Peter was still full of strength and energy. Peter had every chance to win, but suddenly Savelich called out to him. Peter turned around, and Shvabrin took advantage of the opportunity and sneakily struck “in the back” when the enemy was defenseless and distracted.

Peter lay unconscious for several days, but upon waking up he still forgave Shvabrin. But Alexey did not show dignity, and openly reported to Father Petya about what happened in the fortress. The father was furious and demanded that his son be transferred as far as possible from Belgorod.

Shvabrin has long established himself as a vile, ill-mannered person with ugly and dishonest behavior. Grinev has never been an outstanding fighter for justice, but still his actions indicate that his own honor and the honor of his beloved girl are important to him, that he is not a coward and does not run away from circumstances.

Thus, in the work “The Captain's Daughter” issues of honor and dignity are raised. A. S. Pushkin, through the vivid contrast of the characters’ character and behavior, shows that for some honor and love mean a lot, while for others they are just empty words.

This article will help you competently write an essay on the topic “The Duel of Grinev and Shvabrin”, briefly describe the course of events, the reasons and outcome of the duel, and show how differently characters such as Shvabrin and Grinev relate to the concept of “honor” and “dignity”.

Work test

How do you explain that the chapter is called not “Duel”, but “Duel”?

Already reading the first chapters convinced us that life in the Belogorsk fortress flows the old fashioned way. Therefore, it is more natural to name the name of the rivals’ fight as is customary in Rus'. The word duel, which comes from the Latin war, came into use quite late and would have sounded less appropriate in the conditions of the Belogorsk fortress.

How do you evaluate Grinev’s poetic experience? Try to prove that these lines were written by a person who lived in the 18th century.

Let us recall all three stanzas of Petrusha’s poem:

Destroying the thought of love,

I try to forget the beautiful

And oh, avoiding Masha,

I'm thinking of getting the liberty!

But the eyes that captivated me

Every minute before me;

They confused my spirit,

They destroyed my peace.

You, having learned my misfortunes,

Have pity on me, Masha,

In vain me in this fierce part,

And that I'm captivated by you.

You can prove that a poem was created in the 18th century by emphasizing words and phrases that are clearly outdated. The words I strive, I think, me, in vain and all the phrases that explain the author with the subject of his passion were absent in the speech of the 19th century.

Pushkin accurately reproduces the speech of a bygone era of the 18th century.

Explain the reasons for the duel between Grinev and Shvabrin. How do you assess the determination of the hero of the story? Does this act give an idea of his “code of honor”? Did he do the right thing, from your point of view?

The reason for the duel between Grinev and Shvabrin was jealousy and envy. The angry and envious Shvabrin saw not only the external attractiveness of his rival, but also the openness of his character and obvious goodwill. He understood that these qualities attracted Masha. This was quite enough to enter into a duel with Grinev without reservations, especially since Shvabrin was a skilled fencer and hoped to kill his opponent.

Grinev had his own ideas about honor, and it was they who forced him to accept Shvabrin’s challenge. Most modern readers completely agree with the decision that the hero made.

Read a comic account of the first duel and its unexpected ending. How does the author relate to the participants in this scene?

The first duel between Grinev and Shvabrin, which was interrupted as soon as it began, is described very briefly and comically: “The next day at the appointed time I was already standing behind the stacks, waiting for my opponent. Soon he appeared. “We might be caught,” he told me, “we must hurry.” We took off our uniforms, remained in only camisoles and drew our swords. At that moment, Ivan Ignatich and about five disabled people suddenly appeared from behind a stack. He demanded us to see the commandant...

Meanwhile, Palashka took our swords from us and carried them to the closet... Little by little the storm subsided, the commandant calmed down and made us kiss each other. Broadsword brought us our swords...” The author’s attitude to this episode is quite definite. Direct and honest Grinev openly opposes the calculating and evil Shvabrin.

How did Shvabrin behave during the duel?

The reader hardly needed to be convinced that the man in front of him was petty and vile. Shvabrin’s character was determined, and additional information about him only confirmed the qualities already familiar to the reader. But his frankly vile act, when he took advantage of Savelich’s shout to wound Grinev, adds another stroke to the moral character of this evil man.

Two young officers Grinev and Shvabrin (story by Pushkin"Captain's daughter) fight a duel. One defends the honor of his beloved, the other offended pride. Subsequently, events develop in such a way that Shvabrin becomes a traitor, Grinev remains true to his word and duty.

A. S. Pushkin in the story “The Captain's Daughter” talks not only about Pugachev’s uprising in Russia, but also about the people who found themselves in the thick of the event. The writer wants readers to understand what human dignity, life, and honor are.

In the center of the story are two officers - Grinev and Shvabrin, serving in the Belogorsk fortress. Their acquaintance began from the moment Pyotr Grinev arrived for service. However friendly relations quickly broke off. Masha Mironova stood between them. Because of this, a duel took place between Grinev and Shvabrin, only one of them intended to defend the honor of the insulted girl, while the other planned murder...

The first time the duel did not take place, but Shvabrin was ready to do anything to get rid of Grinev, because Masha sympathized with Peter. It turns out that Shvabrin once wooed her, the captain’s daughter, but was refused. The experienced officer was not used to being refused. Holding a grudge, he throws accusations at the girl in the presence of Grinev. The young officer obeys his heart, in which the laws of noble honor live. Peter acts nobly and wants to defend the girl’s honor.

Shvabrin is more cunning in life. Having waited for another convenient moment, he calls Peter to the river bank, not thinking that he will meet a worthy opponent. It is not known how the fight would have ended, only Grinev turned around at Savelich’s cry. Shvabrin took advantage of this to wound his opponent in the shoulder.

The narrative continues, life presents a new challenge to the heroes. Shvabrin takes revenge on Grinev and writes a letter to his parents. But even this petty meanness could be forgotten, but nothing can wash away betrayal. When the fortress was occupied by Pugachev, Grinev goes over to the side of the rebels, because for some time you can feel safe. The officer's honor and noble name have been trampled into the mud.

Petr Grinev remains true to himself to the end. Without thinking about the consequences, he honestly tells the “sovereign” that he swore allegiance to the empress once, and will be faithful to this oath for the rest of his life. Honesty helped Grinev. The officer is released, but he could not leave Masha Mironov Shvabrina, so he again turns to Pugachev with a request to release the captain's daughter.

What is the next story about? About human destinies, about punishment for betrayal, about honor and conscience. And again Grinev, faithful to his oath, wins. Shvabrin appears as a man without honor, for whom his own life is most important.

Even more essays on the topic: “Duel of Grinev and Shvabrin”

Update date: 10/02/2018

Option 2

In the duel between two characters in the story “The Captain's Daughter,” Pushkin showed the confrontation between two people who have diametrically opposed beliefs and life positions.

The reason for the duel was a conflict over Masha. Grinev defended the girl who was insulted by Shvabrin.

At first the duel did not take place, since the officer, who learned about her, came to her place with several soldiers and took Grinev and Shvabrin under escort to the authorities. The commandant of the fortress forced them to reconcile, but the duelists did this only formally and did not abandon their intention.

The place for the continuation of the duel was chosen near the river and the officers, now in secret, were able to avoid fighting with swords. Shvabrin considered Grinev a bad fencer and therefore provoked a duel. This, however, turned out not to be the case, and the defender of the just cause began to advance, pushing the enemy back to the river. However, probably to give the plot more drama, Pushkin introduced an incident that helped Shvabrin win. Grinev's faithful servant Savelich, looking for his master, came to the place of the duel and accidentally distracted him. It is significant that Shvabrin stabbed him in the back. Grinev was wounded, but soon recovered.

Shvabrin acted ignoblely, although he did not violate the dueling code. It was possible to take advantage of the enemy’s inattention, and such behavior would not be considered so dishonorable as not to shake hands with such a nobleman. However, the majority condemned striking at such a moment; to take advantage of the opportunity, and not rely on one’s strength and skill in wielding a weapon, meant showing oneself inappropriately. the best side. By doing this, Shvabrin demonstrated that he places victory above contempt for death and the code of noble honor.

Subsequent events showed that Shvabrin, unlike Grinev, had no principles, and he went into the service of Pugachev, betraying the queen, to whom he swore allegiance and his comrades in arms.

Pushkin cannot be considered an opponent of duels, but this episode shows that this method of resolving disagreements is not ideal. The person who won the duel of honor was not one who defended a just cause, and not even one who was stronger and more dexterous, but one who was vile and insidious. Grinev forgave Shvabrin, but he continued to behave dishonestly, writing about the duel to the father of his opponent.

Essay Duel of Grinev and Shvabrin

Work by A.S. Pushkin's "The Captain's Daughter" touches on historical events. The main event against which the novel takes place is a peasant revolt. The rebel uprising is led by Emelyan Pugachev.

The author narrates on behalf of the landowner Grineva Petra Andreevich. He recalls events from his youth and youth. He talks about his service in the Belogorsk fortress and the trials that befell him. One of the episodes is a duel between Petrusha Grinev and his colleague Alexei Shvabrin.

Grinev and Shvabrin met when Peter arrived for service at the Belogorsk fortress. Both of them come from noble families. And, considering that they had to serve side by side, they could well become friends. But friendship did not happen. An obstacle to this was the daughter of the commandant of the fortress, Maria Mironova.

Grinev liked the respectable girl. Masha also responded to Peter with sympathy. This could not please Shvabrin, who also had his eye on the captain’s daughter. There was a case, he even wooed her. But he received a decisive refusal and harbored a grudge. Wanting to take revenge on his rival and discredit his would-be bride, Shvabrin says nasty things about Maria. Grinev could not contain his insult and unfair remark from his colleague. It was decided to fight a duel. Petrusha is determined to defend the honor of the innocent girl. Shvabrin can’t wait to eliminate his opponent. But circumstances got in the way, and the duel was not destined to happen.

The revenge that Alexey Shvabrin craved nevertheless brought the young people to the river bank. Here the second duel took place, in which Grinev was wounded. While Peter was unconscious after being wounded, Masha did not leave his side. The girl's care for the wounded brought the young people even closer together and strengthened their feelings for each other.

In the very first days after Grinev’s recovery, Alexey Shvabrin asked him for forgiveness. Petrusha forgave his colleague. He understood that Shvabrin was insincere. But he also understood that the reason for this was insulted pride. But this doesn’t matter to Grinev. He knew that he acted as the officer’s heart and honor told him to do.

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“DIDN’T YOU SHARE BABA?” OR “THE GIRL’S HONOR IS ABOVE EVERYTHING”?!

Pyotr Sokolov Portrait of A.S. Pushkin 1836
Illustrations for the story “The Captain's Daughter”

Several decades after school, I remember the topic of an essay based on Pushkin’s story “The Captain’s Daughter,” which I wrote “ Comparative analysis images of Grinev and Shvabrin." Then I admired the first and denounced the second! The theme of the duel will now allow me to see how much my attitude towards these heroes has changed, or, as before, I will praise one and despise the other.

The story of the duel itself is simple:

Grinev met Shvabrin in the Belogorsk fortress, where he served. Shvabrin was transferred to this fortress for killing one lieutenant in a duel (!). Grinev also fell in love with the daughter of a local captain, Mashenka. However, Shvabrin himself has tender feelings for Masha, so he tells Grinev all sorts of nasty things about her. He eventually flares up and insults Shvabrin, after which they fight a duel, in which Shvabrin seriously wounds Grinev.

And now the duelists:

PETER ANDREEVICH GREENEV

Still from the film “Russian Revolt”

The son of a Simbirsk landowner, who lived on his estate for many years, and a poor noblewoman, Peter grew up and was brought up in an atmosphere of provincial-manorial life.
Still very young, Pyotr Andreevich was sent by his stern father to serve his fatherland.

and to serve not as was customary among the nobles of that time - in St. Petersburg, among the secular nobility, balls, billiards and dozens of champagne, but to serve for real - in the godforsaken Belogorsk fortress, which is on the border of the Kyrgyz steppes.
Here he meets and fights a duel with Shvabrin, here he falls in love with Masha Mironova. Well, after this the story begins about how Grinev and Masha are going through troubled times - the Pugachev era. A story about love, separation, betrayal and the triumph of justice.
Yesterday's noble undergrowth, he prefers death to the slightest deviation from the dictates of duty and honor, refuses the oath to Pugachev and any compromises with him. On the other hand, during the trial, again risking his life, he does not consider it possible to name Masha Mironova, rightly fearing that she will be subjected to a humiliating interrogation. Pushkin especially valued such a combination of proud independence, incorruptible loyalty to duty, honor and the ability to commit crazy, willful actions in the ancient Russian nobility.

ALEXEY IVANOVICH SHVABRIN

Still from the film “Russian Revolt”

Nobleman, antagonist of Grinev.
Shvabrin is dark-skinned, ugly-looking, and lively. He has been serving in the Belogorsk fortress for five years; he was transferred here for “murder” (he stabbed a lieutenant to death in a duel).
Shvabrin is undoubtedly more educated than Grinev; he even knew V.

Tredyakovsky.
It is known that Shvabrin once wooed Marya Ivanovna and was refused. This means that his reviews of her as a complete fool are essentially revenge, and a nobleman who takes revenge on a woman is a scoundrel.
During a night duel, to which Grinev challenges him, offended by the review of Masha, Shvabrin strikes with a sword at the moment when the enemy looks back at the unexpected call of the servant. Formally, this is a blow to the chest, but essentially it is a blow to the back of an opponent who is not going to run away - a sneaky blow.
Later, Shvabrin writes a secret denunciation to Grinev’s parents about the fight (due to which the father forbids his son to even think about marriage with Marya Ivanovna).
As soon as the fortress goes to Pugachev, he goes over to the side of the rebels, becomes one of their commanders and by force tries to persuade Masha, who lives under the guise of a niece with the local priest, to an alliance.
Shvabrin ends by pointing out that, having fallen into the hands of government troops, Grinev is a traitorous Pugachevite.
I wrote all this, and once again I thought - what a scoundrel!

And now the floor goes to Pushkin!

CHAPTER IV. DUEL.

V. Le Campion Illustration for the story "The Captain's Daughter" 1952

- If you please, get into position.
Look, I'll pierce your figure!
Knyazhnin.

"Wow! A proud poet and a modest lover! - continued
Shvabrin, irritating me more and more from hour to hour; - “but listen to friendly advice:
If you want to be on time, then I advise you not to act with songs.”
- What does this mean, sir? Please explain.
“With pleasure.

o means that if you want Masha Mironova to go to
at dusk, then instead of tender poems, give her a pair of earrings.”
My blood began to boil.
- Why do you have such an opinion about her? - I asked, with
holding back his indignation with difficulty.
“And because,” he answered with a hellish grin, “I know from her experience
character and custom."
- You're lying, you bastard! - I cried out in rage, - you are lying the most
in a shameless manner.
Shvabrin's face changed. “It won’t work out for you,” he said,
squeezing my hand.
- “You will give me satisfaction.”
— If you please; when you want to! - I answered, delighted. At this moment I
was ready to tear him to pieces.
I immediately went to Ivan Ignatich and found him with a needle in his hands:
On instructions from the commandant, he was stringing mushrooms to dry for the winter. "A,
Pyotr Andreich! - he said when he saw me; - "Welcome! How is it you god
did you bring it? for what purpose, may I ask?” I'm in in short words explained to him
that I quarreled with Alexei Ivanovich, and I ask him, Ivan Ignatich, to be
my second. Ivan Ignatich listened to me with attention, staring at me
your only eye. “You deign to say,” he said to me, “that
Do you want to stab Alexei Ivanovich and want me to be a witness?
Is not it? I dare you to ask.”
- Exactly.
“Have mercy, Pyotr Andreich! What are you up to! You and Alexey Ivanovich
got into a fight? Great trouble! Hard words break no bones.
scolded you, and you
scold him; he hits you in the snout, and you hit him in the ear, in another, in a third - and
disperse; and we will make peace between you. And then: is it a good thing to stab your own?
neighbor, dare I ask? And it would be good if you stabbed him: God be with him, with Alexei
Ivanovich; I'm not a fan of it myself. Well, what if he drills you? For what
will it be similar? Who will be the fool, dare I ask?”
The reasoning of the prudent lieutenant did not sway me. I stayed with
your intention. “As you please,” said Ivan Ignatich: “do as you please.”
you understand. Why should I be a witness here? Why on earth? People are fighting
what kind of incredible thing, dare I ask? Thank God, I walked under the Swede and under
Turk: I’ve seen enough of everything.”
I somehow began to explain to him the position of a second, but Ivan Ignatyich
couldn't understand me at all. “Your will,” he said. - “If I already
interfere in this matter, why not go to Ivan Kuzmich and inform him
duty of service, that in the fort an atrocity contrary to the official one is being conceived
interest: would it please the Commandant to take appropriate
measures…"
I got scared and began to ask Ivan Ignatich not to say anything.
to the commandant; I persuaded him by force; he gave me his word and I decided on it
give up.
I spent the evening, as usual, with the commandant. I did my best
appear cheerful and indifferent, so as not to give any suspicion and
avoid annoying questions; but I admit, I didn’t have that composure
which those in my position almost always boast of. IN
This evening I was disposed towards tenderness and tenderness. Marya Ivanovna
I liked it more than usual. The thought that maybe I see her in
the last time, gave her something touching in my eyes. Shvabrin
appeared immediately. I took him aside and informed him of my conversation with
Ivan Ignatyich. “Why do we need seconds,” he told me dryly: “without them
we'll make do." We agreed to fight behind the stacks that were near
fortress, and appear there the next day at seven o'clock in the morning. We
Apparently they were talking so friendly that Ivan Ignatich was overjoyed
spilled the beans. “It would have been like this a long time ago,” he told me with a pleased look; - "bad world"
Better than a good quarrel, but even dishonest is healthy.”
“What, what, Ivan Ignatich?” - said the commandant, who was wondering in the corner
into the cards: “I didn’t listen.”
Ivan Ignatich, noticing signs of displeasure in me and remembering his
promise, was confused and did not know what to answer. Shvabrin came to him in time
help.
“Ivan Ignatich,” he said, “approves of our world.”
- And with whom, my father, were you quarreling? "
“We had a pretty big argument with Pyotr Andreich.”
- Why is this happening?
“For a mere trifle: for a song, Vasilisa Egorovna.”
- We found something to quarrel about! for the song!... how did this happen?
“Yes, here’s how: Pyotr Andreich recently composed a song and today he sang it in front of
me, and I tightened my beloved:
Captain's daughter,
Don't go out at midnight.
There was a discord. Pyotr Andreich became angry; but then I decided
that everyone is free to sing whatever they want. That was the end of the matter.”
Shvabrin's shamelessness almost enraged me; but no one but me
I understood his crude innuendos; at least no one paid attention to them
attention. From the songs the conversation turned to poets, and the commandant remarked,
that they were all dissolute people and bitter drunkards, and he advised me in a friendly manner
leave poetry as an activity that is contrary to service and does no good
finishing.
Shvabrin's presence was unbearable to me. I soon said goodbye to the commandant
and with his family; I came home, examined my sword, tried its end,
and went to bed, ordering Savelich to wake me up at seven o’clock.
The next day at the appointed time I was already standing behind the stacks, waiting
my opponent. Soon he appeared. “We might be caught,” he told me; —
“we must hurry.” We took off our uniforms, remained in only camisoles and exposed
swords. At that moment, Ivan Ignatich and about five people suddenly appeared from behind a stack.
disabled people. He demanded us to see the commandant. We obeyed with annoyance;
soldiers surrounded us, and we went to the fortress after Ivan
Ignatyich, who led us in triumph, walking with amazing importance.
We entered the commandant's house. Ivan Ignatich opened the doors, proclaiming
solemnly “brought!” Vasilisa Egorovna met us. “Oh, my fathers! On
what does it look like? How? What? start a murder in our fortress! Ivan
Kuzmich, they are now under arrest! Pyotr Andreich! Alexey Ivanovich! submit here
your swords, serve, serve. Broadsword, take these swords to the closet. Peter
Andreich! I didn't expect this from you. How are you not ashamed? Good Alexey
Ivanovich: he was discharged from the guard for murder and is not in the Lord's name
believes; and what about you? Is that where you’re going?”
Ivan Kuzmich completely agreed with his wife and said: “And listen
You, Vasilisa Egorovna, speaks the truth. Fights are formally prohibited in
military article." Meanwhile, Palashka took our swords from us and carried them to
lumber room. I couldn't help but laugh. Shvabrin retained his importance. "With everything
“My respect for you,” he told her calmly, “I can’t help but notice that
In vain do you deign to worry by subjecting us to your judgment. Provide
This is for Ivan Kuzmich: this is his business.” - Ah! my father! - objected
commandant; - aren’t husband and wife one spirit and one flesh? Ivan Kuzmich!
Why are you yawning? Now seat them in different corners on bread and water, so that
they've gone crazy; Yes, let Father Gerasim impose penance on them, so that
They prayed to God for forgiveness and repented before people.
Ivan Kuzmich did not know what to decide. Marya Ivanovna was extremely
pale. Little by little the storm subsided; the commandant calmed down and made us
kiss each other. Broadsword brought us our swords. We left from
The commandant is apparently reconciled. Ivan Ignatich accompanied us. - How do you like it?
“It wasn’t a shame,” I told him angrily, “to report us to the commandant after
how they gave me their word not to do it? - “Like God is holy, I tell Ivan Kuzmich
“I didn’t say that,” he answered; “Did Vasilisa Egorovna find out everything?” from me. She
and ordered everything without the knowledge of the commandant. However, thank God, that's all? So
it's over." With this word he turned home, and Shvabrin and I were left alone.
“Our business cannot end like this,” I told him. “Of course,” he answered.
Shvabrin; - “You will answer me with your blood for your insolence; but for
We'll probably be watched. We'll have to for a few days
pretend. Goodbye!" “And we parted as if nothing had happened.”
Returning to the commandant, I, as usual, sat down next to Marya
Ivanovna. Ivan Kuzmich was not at home; Vasilisa Egorovna was busy
farming We spoke in low voices. Marya Ivanovna with tenderness
she reprimanded me for the anxiety caused to everyone by my quarrel with Shvabrin.
“I just froze,” she said, “when they told us that you intended
fight with swords. How strange men are! For one word, about which in a week
Surely they would forget, they are ready to cut themselves and sacrifice not only their lives, but
and the conscience and well-being of those who... But I am sure that you are not the instigator
quarreling. Alexey Ivanovich is truly to blame.”
- Why do you think so, Marya Ivanovna? "
“Yes, so... he is such a mocker! I don't like Alexey Ivanovich. He's very good to me
disgusting; but it’s strange: I wouldn’t want for anything that I wouldn’t give him the same
I liked it. It would be fear that would bother me.”
- What do you think, Marya Ivanovna? Does he like you or not?
Marya Ivanovna stuttered and blushed. “It seems to me,” she said,
“I think I like you.”
- Why do you think so?
“Because he wooed me.”
- Wooed! Did he marry you? When? "
"Last year. Two months before your arrival.”
- And you didn’t go?
“As you please see. Alexey Ivanovich is of course a smart and good man
surname, and has a fortune; but when I think about what will be necessary under the crown at
kiss everyone with him... No way! not for any well-being!”
Marya Ivanovna’s words opened my eyes and explained a lot to me. I understand
the persistent slander with which Shvabrin persecuted her. He probably noticed our
mutual inclination and tried to distract us from each other. The words that gave
the reason for our quarrel seemed even more vile to me when, instead of rude
and obscene ridicule, I saw in them deliberate slander. Desire to punish
the impudent evil-tonguer became even stronger in me, and I impatiently became
wait for an opportunity.
I didn't wait long. The next day, when I was sitting at the elegy and gnawing
pen waiting for a rhyme, Shvabrin knocked under my window. I left the pen
took the sword and went out to him. “Why put it off?” - Shvabrin told me: - “for
They don't look at us. Let's go to the river. No one will bother us there." We went,
silently. Having gone down a steep path, we stopped right next to the river and exposed
swords.

S. Gerasimov “Duel” (illustration for “The Captain’s Daughter”)

Shvabrin was more skillful than me, but I am stronger and braver, and Monsieur Beaupré,
who was once a soldier, gave me several lessons in fencing, with which I
took advantage of it. Shvabrin did not expect to find such a dangerous opponent in me.
For a long time we could not do each other any harm; finally realizing that
Shvabrin weakens, I began to step on him with alacrity and drove him almost into
the very river. Suddenly I heard my name spoken loudly. I looked back and
I saw Savelich running down the mountain path towards me……. At this very moment
time stabbed me strongly in the chest below the right shoulder; I fell and lost
feelings.

A. Itkin “I fell and fainted”
V. Syskov “I fell and fainted” 1984

Materials from sites:
800 literary characters
http://slovo.ws/geroi/index.html
Issues of honor and morality in the story by A.S. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter".
http://www.ref.by/refs/44/32964/1.html
Illustration by Valentin Le Campion
http://gostgallery.com/context/publication.html?fl=4&id=31 Le Campion

Series of messages “Duel in Literature”:
Part 1 - DUEL IN LITERATURE (PART 1 - DUEL OF PIERRE BEZUKHOV AND DOLOHOV. NOVEL "WAR AND PEACE")
Part 2 - A DUEL IN LITERATURE (PART 2 - THE DUEL OF SILVIO AND THE COUNT. THE STORY "SHOT")
…
Part 4 - DUEL IN LITERATURE (PART 4 - DUEL OF ONEGIN WITH LENSKY. NOVEL "EUGENE ONEGIN")
Part 5 - DUEL IN LITERATURE (PART 5 - THOUGHTS ABOUT THE DUEL OF KARENIN AND VRONSKY. "ANNA KARENINA")
Part 6 - DUEL IN LITERATURE (PART 6 - DUEL OF GRINEV AND SHVABRIN. THE STORY "THE CAPTAIN'S DAUGHTER")
Part 7 - DUEL IN LITERATURE (PART 7 - DUEL OF ROMASHOV AND NIKOLAEV. STORY "DUEHL")
Part 8 - DUEL IN LITERATURE (PART 8 - THE DUELIST CYRANO DE BERGERAC)
Part 9 - DUEL IN LITERATURE (PART 9 - DUEL VOLOSHIN AND GUMILEV)

How do you explain that the chapter is called not “Du-el”, but “Duel”?

Already reading the first chapters convinced us that life in the Belogorsk fortress flows the old fashioned way. Therefore, it is more natural to name the name of the rivals’ fight as is customary in Rus'. The word du-el, derived from the Latin war, came into use quite late and would have sounded less appropriate in the conditions of the Belogorsk fortress.

How do you evaluate Grinev’s poetic experience? Try to prove that these lines were written by a person who lived in the 18th century.

Let us recall all three stanzas of Petrusha’s poem:

Destroying the thought of love, I strive to forget the beautiful, And ah, avoiding Masha, I think of getting freedom! But the eyes that captivated me are always before me; They confused my spirit, crushed my peace. You, having recognized my misfortunes, take pity on me, Masha, in vain for me in this fierce part, and that I am captivated by you.

Pushkin accurately reproduces the speech of a bygone era of the 18th century.

Explain the reasons for the duel between Grinev and Shvabrin. How do you assess the determination of the hero of the story? Does this act give an idea of his “code of honor”? Did he do the right thing, from your point of view?

Grinev had his own ideas about honor, and it was they who forced him to accept Shvabrin’s challenge. Most modern readers completely agree with the decision that the hero made.

Read a comic description of the first duel and its unexpected ending. How does the author relate to the participants in this scene?

Meanwhile, Palashka took our swords from us and carried them to the closet... Little by little the storm subsided, the commandant calmed down and made us kiss each other. Pa-lashka brought us our swords...” The author’s attitude to this episode is quite definite. Direct and honest Grinev openly opposes the calculating and evil Shvabrin.

How did Shvabrin behave during the duel?

The reader hardly needed to be convinced that the man in front of him was petty and mean. Shvabrin’s character was determined, and additional information about him only confirmed the qualities already familiar to the reader. But his frankly vile act, when he took advantage of Savelich’s shout to wound Grinev, adds another stroke to the moral character of this evil man.