Platonov shortened dry bread. "Dry bread" by A.P. Platonov, literature lesson in fourth grade

Platonov

An interesting story about a little boy Mitya, 7 years old, and his mother. Mitya’s father died after the war, and his grandfather even earlier; Mitya didn’t even really remember him. His mother worked in the field, harnessed oxen and plowed the land to reap a rich harvest of bread. But the summer turned out to be dry and the grain died. Mitya couldn’t wait to grow up and get behind the plow, as he saw how hard this work was for his mother. And he tried in every possible way to grow faster, for which he ate bread, potatoes, and all the time looked at the shadow to see if it had grown.
Once in an old barn, in the corner where the unnecessary things of his father and grandfather lay, Mitya found a sharpened oak root. Mitya decided that it was a spinning wheel and went to the field to help the bread grow. Since there was a drought, the bread did not have enough moisture, the morning dew could not reach the roots, since the earth was caked and hard. The ears of corn died. And Mitya came to their aid; he loosened the soil between the rows with a hoe, and loosened the soil at the roots with his hands. One day a local teacher caught him doing this. Mitya didn’t go to school yet, he was going to school in the fall, but he knew the teacher. When the teacher saw and found out what Mitya was doing, she began to help him loosen the earth with one hand, since she had lost her other hand in the war. And the next day, the teacher brought with her seven more children from the first and second grades, and together they began to help the collective farm bread survive.

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Chapter 1

There lived in the village of Rogachevka a boy, Mitya Klimov, seven years old. He didn’t have a father, his father died in the war from illness, now he had only his mother. Mitya Klimov also had a grandfather, but he died of old age before the war, and Mitya did not remember his face; He remembered only the kind warmth at his grandfather’s chest, which warmed and made Mitya happy, he remembered the sad, dull voice calling him. And now that warmth is gone and that voice has fallen silent. "Where did grandpa go?" - thought Mitya. He did not understand death, because he had not seen it anywhere. He thought that the logs in their hut and the stone at the threshold were also alive, like people, like horses and cows, only they were sleeping.

Where's grandpa? - Mitya asked his mother. - Does he sleep in the ground?

“He’s sleeping,” said the mother.

Is he tired? - asked Mitya.

“I’m exhausted,” answered the mother. - He plowed the land all his life, and in the winter he worked as a carpenter, in the winter he made sleighs for cooperation and wove bast shoes; All his life he had no time to sleep.

Mom, wake him up! - asked Mitya.

It is forbidden. He gets angry.

Is daddy sleeping too?

And dad is sleeping.

Is it night for them?

It's their night, son.

Mom, will you never get tired? - Mitya asked and looked fearfully into his mother’s face.

No, why don’t I, son, I will never die. I’m healthy, I’m not old... I’ll be raising you for a long time, otherwise you’re small.

And Mitya was afraid that his mother would tire him out, get tired of working and also fall asleep, just as his grandfather and father fell asleep.

Mother now spent the whole day walking across the field behind the plow. Two oxen were dragging a plow, and the mother held the handles of the plow and shouted at the oxen so that they would go and not stop and not doze off. The mother was big, strong, under her hands the plowshare turned up the earth. Mitya walked behind the plow and also shouted at the oxen so as not to be bored without his mother.

That year the summer was dry. A hot wind blew in the fields from morning to evening, and tongues of black flame flew in this wind, as if the wind was blowing fire from the sun and carrying it across the earth. At noon the whole sky was covered with darkness; the fiery heat scorched the earth and turned it into dead dust, and the wind raised that dust into the heights, and it covered the sun. One could then look at the sun with one's eyes, as if at the moon floating in the fog.

Mitya's mother plowed the fallow field. Mitya followed his mother and from time to time carried water from the well to the arable land so that his mother would not suffer from thirst. He brought half a bucket each time; the mother poured water into a tub that stood on the arable land, and when the tub was full, she watered the oxen so that they would not get tired and plow. Mitya saw how hard it was for his mother, how she leaned against the plow in front of her when the oxen grew weak. And Mitya wanted to quickly become big and strong so that he could plow the land instead of his mother, and let his mother rest in the hut.

Thinking this way, Mitya went home. The mother baked the loaves at night and left them on the bench, covering them with a clean towel to keep flies away. Mitya cut off half of the rug and began to eat. He didn’t want to eat, but he had to: he wanted to grow big as soon as possible, quickly gain strength and plow the land. Mitya thought that bread would make him grow faster, he just had to eat a lot of it. And he ate the pulp of the bread and the crust of the bread; At first he ate eagerly, and then began to choke from satiety; the bread wanted to come out of his mouth, but he stuffed it with his fingers and chewed it patiently. Soon his mouth was tired of chewing, his jaws in his cheeks ached from work, and Mitya wanted to sleep. But he didn't need to sleep. He needs to eat a lot and grow big. He drank a mug of water, ate another cabbage stalk and began to eat bread again. Having eaten half of the kovrigi, Mitya drank water again and began to eat baked potatoes from the pot, dipping them in salt. He ate only one potato, took the second one in his hand, dipped it in salt and fell asleep.

In the evening, mother came from plowing. She sees her son sleeping on a bench, his head on a rug of fresh bread and snoring like a big man. The mother undressed Mitya and examined him to see if anyone had bitten him, she looked - his stomach was like a drum.

All night Mitya snored, kicked his legs and muttered in his sleep.

And the next morning he woke up, lived the whole day without eating, he didn’t want anything, he only drank water.

In the morning, Mitya walked around the village, then went to his mother’s arable land and kept looking at people he met and passers-by to see if they noticed that he had grown up. No one looked at Mitya in surprise or said anything to him. Then he looked at his shadow to see if it had become longer. His shadow seemed to become larger than yesterday, but only slightly, just a little.

Mom,” said Mitya, “let me plow, I have to go!”

His mother answered him:

Wait! Your time to plow will come! But now your time has not come, you are young, you are still weak, you still need to grow and feed, and I will feed you!

Mitya was angry with his mother and all the people because he was smaller than them.

I don’t want to feed, I want to feed you!

His mother smiled at him, and from her, from her mother, everything suddenly became kind around him: sniffling, sweaty oxen, gray earth, a blade of grass trembling in the hot wind, and an unfamiliar old man wandering along the boundary. Mitya looked around, and it seemed to him that kind, loving eyes were looking at him from everywhere, and his heart trembled with joy.

Mother! - exclaimed Mitya. - What should I do? Otherwise I love you.

What should you do? - said the mother. - Live, here's your job. Think about your grandfather, think about your father and think about me.

Do you think about me too?

“I think about you too - you’re the only one I have,” answered the mother. - Oh, goblins! Why have they become? - she said to the oxen. - Well, go ahead! Without eating, will we live?

Chapter 2

In his parents' yard, where Mitya Klimov lived, there was an old barn. The barn was covered with boards, and the boards had become old with age; green moss had been growing on them for a long time. And the barn itself went half into the ground on one side and looked like a bent old man. In the dark corner of that barn lay old, ancient things. This is where my father put what he needed, and where my grandfather kept what was dear to him alone and no one needed anymore. Mitya loved to go to that dark corner of the old man’s barn and touch unnecessary things there. He took the ax, all jagged, rusty and unusable, looked at it and thought: “Grandfather held it in his hands and I hold it.” He saw a wooden tackle there that looked like a snag and didn’t know what it was. Mother then told Mitya: it was a plow, grandfather used it to plow the land. Mitya also found a wheel from a home spinning wheel there... There was also a kochedyk lying there: his grandfather needed it when he weaved bast shoes for himself and his children. There was still a lot of goodness there, and Mitya touched with his hands forgotten objects, now sleeping in the darkness of the barn; the boy thought about them, he thought about how they lived long ago in ancient times; Mitya was not yet in the world at that time, and everyone was bored that he was gone.

Today Mitya found a hard oak stick in the barn: at one end there was a root, bent downwards and sharp, and the other end was smooth. Mitya didn’t know what it was. Maybe grandfather was loosening the ground like a hoe with this sharp oak root or doing something else. His mother said he always worked and was not afraid of anything. Mitya took this grandfather’s oak hoe and took it to the hut. Maybe it will suit him: his grandfather worked with it and he will.

Chapter 3

A collective farm field approached the very spinning area of the Klimov yard. Rye was sown in rows on the field. Every day Mitya went to his mother through this grain field and saw how the rye was stifled by the heat and dying: small blades of rye only occasionally stood alive, and many had already drooped dead to the ground, from where they emerged into the light. Mitya tried to raise the withered blades of grain so that they could live again, but they could not live and drooped sleepily onto the baked, hot ground.

Mom,” he said, “is the rye getting soggy from the heat?”

He's getting tired, son. There was no rain and there is no rain now, but the bread is not iron, it is alive.

And there is dew! - said Mitya. - She comes in the mornings.

Why dew? - answered the mother. - The dew will dry soon; the earth is all baked on top, the dew does not penetrate deeper.

Mom, what can we do without bread?

We don’t know what to do... There must be help then, we live in the state.

It’s better to let the grain grow on the collective farm, let the dew pass into the ground.

It would be better that way, but bread is not born without rain.

He won't grow big, he sleeps small! - said Mitya; he missed those who were sleeping.

He went home alone, and his mother remained in the arable land. At home, Mitya took his grandfather's wooden hoe, stroked it with his hand - grandfather must have stroked it too - put the hoe on his shoulder and went to the collective farm winter field that was behind the spinning mill.

There he began to loosen the baked earth with a hoe between the rows of sleeping rye blades. Mitya understood that the bread would breathe more freely when the soil became loose. And he also wanted the night and morning dew to pass from above between the lumps of earth to the very depths, to each root of the rye ear. Then the dew will moisten the soil there, the roots will begin to feed from the ground, and the blade of grain will wake up and live.

Mitya accidentally hit the bread stalk with a hoe, and the stalk broke and drooped.

It is forbidden! - Mitya cried to himself. -- What are you doing!

He straightened the stalk, placed it in the ground and now began to hoe the soil only in the middle of the row, so as not to injure the grain roots. Then he put down the hoe and began to dig and loosen the soil with his hands at the very roots of the bread. The roots were withered and weak, his mother said about them that they were cowardly, and Mitya carefully felt with his fingers and loosened the soil around each rye root, so as not to hurt it and so that the dew would water it.

Mitya worked for a long time and saw nothing but the earth near the weakened, dormant blades of grass.

He came to his senses when they called him. Mitya saw the teacher. He did not go to school, his mother told him that she would send him to school in the fall, but Mitya knew the teacher. She was at war, and she had one right hand left intact; however, the teacher Elena Petrovna did not grieve that she was crippled; she was always cheerful, she knew all the children in the village and was kind to everyone.

Mitya! What are you doing here? - asked the teacher.

Let the bread grow! - said Mitya. - I help the bread so that it lives.

How do you help? Well, tell me, Mitya! Tell me quickly, because it’s dry!

He will drink the dew!

The teacher approached Mitya and looked at his work.

You should play, aren't you bored working alone?

It’s not boring,” said Mitya.

Why aren’t you bored?.. Come to my school tomorrow, we’ll go on an excursion with the guys to the forest, and you will go... Mitya didn’t know what to say, then he remembered:

I love my mother all the time, I don’t get bored with work. The bread is dying, we have no time.

Teacher Elena Petrovna leaned towards Mitya, hugged him with one arm and pressed him to her:

Oh, my dear! What a heart you have - small, but big!.. You know what? You will hoe with a hoe, and I will dig at the roots with my fingers, otherwise I only have one hand!

And Mitya began to hoe the ground with his grandfather’s hoe, and the teacher, squatting down, began to dig the soil with her fingers right at the very roots of the grain.

The next day the teacher came to the collective farm field not alone; Seven children came with her, first and second grade students. Mitya was already working alone with a wooden hoe. He went out early today and examined all the grain blades near which he had loosened the ground yesterday.

The sun had risen, the dew had already disappeared and the wind blew across the earth with fire. However, those rye ears that Mitya cultivated seem to have brightened up now.

They're waking up! - Mitya said joyfully to the teacher. - They will wake up!

Of course they’ll wake up,” the teacher agreed. - We'll wake them up!

She took the students with her, and Mitya was left alone.

“Mom plows, and I help the bread grow,” thought Mitya. “The teacher only has one hand, otherwise she would work too.”

The teacher Elena Petrovna took small narrow hoes from the collective farm and returned with all the boys and girls back. She showed the children how Mitya worked, how to make dry bread grow - she herself began to work with one hand, and all the children bent over the rye blades of grass to help them live and grow.

There lived in the village of Rogachevka a boy, Mitya Klimov, seven years old. He didn’t have a father, his father died in the war from illness, now he had only his mother. Mitya Klimov also had a grandfather, but he died of old age before the war, and Mitya did not remember his face; He remembered only the kind warmth at his grandfather’s chest, which warmed and made Mitya happy, he remembered the sad, dull voice calling him. And now that warmth is gone and that voice has fallen silent. “Where did grandpa go?” - thought Mitya. He did not understand death, because he had not seen it anywhere. He thought that the logs in their hut and the stone at the threshold were also alive, like people, like horses and cows, only they were sleeping.

Where's grandpa? - Mitya asked his mother. - Does he sleep in the ground?

“He’s sleeping,” said the mother.

Is he tired? - asked Mitya.

Mom, wake him up! - Mitya asked.

It is forbidden. He gets angry.

Is daddy sleeping too?

And dad is sleeping.

Is it night for them?

It's their night, son.

Mom, will you never get tired? - Mitya asked and looked fearfully into his mother’s face.

No, why don’t I, son, I will never die. I’m healthy, I’m not old... I’ll be raising you for a long time, otherwise you’re small.

And Mitya was afraid that his mother would tire him out, get tired of working and also fall asleep, just as his grandfather and father fell asleep.

All night Mitya snored, kicked his legs and muttered in his sleep.

And the next morning he woke up, lived the whole day without eating, he didn’t want anything, he only drank water.

Mom,” said Mitya, “let me plow, I have to go!”

His mother answered him:

Wait! Your time to plow will come! But now your time has not come, you are young, you are still weak, you still need to grow and feed, and I will feed you!

Mitya was angry with his mother and all the people because he was smaller than them.

I don’t want to feed, I want to feed you!

Mother! - Mitya exclaimed. - What should I do? Otherwise I love you.

What should you do? - said the mother. - Live, here's your job. Think about your grandfather, think about your father and think about me.

Do you think about me too?

“I think about you too - you’re the only one I have,” the mother answered. - Oh, goblin! Why have they become? - she said to the oxen. - Well, go ahead! Without eating, will we live?

In his parents' yard, where Mitya Klimov lived, there was an old barn. The barn was covered with boards, and the boards had become old with age; green moss had been growing on them for a long time. And the barn itself went half into the ground on one side and looked like a bent old man. In the dark corner of that barn lay old, ancient things. This is where my father put what he needed, and where my grandfather kept what was dear to him alone and no one else needed. Mitya loved to go to that dark corner of the old man’s barn and touch unnecessary things there. He took the ax, all jagged, rusty and unusable, looked at it and thought: “Grandfather held it in his hands and I hold it.” He saw a wooden tackle there that looked like a snag and didn’t know what it was. Mother then told Mitya: it was a plow, grandfather used it to plow the land. Mitya also found a wheel from a home spinning wheel there... There was also a kochedyk lying there: his grandfather needed it when he weaved bast shoes for himself and his children. There was still a lot of goodness there, and Mitya touched with his hands forgotten objects, now sleeping in the darkness of the barn; the boy thought about them, he thought about how they lived long ago in ancient times; Mitya was not yet in the world at that time, and everyone was bored that he was gone.

“Mom,” he said, “is the rye getting soggy from the heat?”

He's getting tired, son. There was no rain and there is no rain now, but the bread is not iron, it is alive.

And there is dew! - said Mitya. - She comes in the mornings.

Why dew? - answered the mother. - The dew dries soon; the earth is all baked on top, the dew does not penetrate deep into it.

Mom, what can we do without bread?

We don’t know what to do... There must be help then, we live in the state.

It’s better to let the grain grow on the collective farm, let the dew pass into the ground.

It would be better that way, but bread is not born without rain.

He won't grow big, he sleeps small! - said Mitya; he missed those who were sleeping.

Mitya accidentally hit the bread stalk with a hoe, and the stalk broke and drooped.

It is forbidden! - Mitya cried to himself. - What are you doing!

Mitya worked for a long time and saw nothing but the earth near the weakened, dormant blades of grass.

Mitya! What are you doing here? - asked the teacher.

Let the bread grow! - said Mitya. - I help the bread so that it lives.

How do you help? Well, tell me, Mitya! Tell me quickly, because it’s dry!

He will drink the dew!

The teacher approached Mitya and looked at his work.

You should play, aren't you bored working alone?

“It’s not boring,” said Mitya.

Why aren’t you bored?.. Come to my school tomorrow, we’ll go on an excursion with the guys to the forest, and you will go... Mitya didn’t know what to say, then he remembered:

I love my mother all the time, I don’t get bored with work. The bread is dying, we have no time.

Teacher Elena Petrovna leaned towards Mitya, hugged him with one arm and pressed him to her:

Oh, my dear! What a heart you have - small, but big!.. You know what? You will hoe with a hoe, and I will dig at the roots with my fingers, otherwise I only have one hand!

And Mitya began to hoe the ground with his grandfather’s hoe, and the teacher, squatting down, began to dig the soil with her fingers right at the very roots of the grain.

The sun had risen, the dew had already disappeared and the wind blew across the earth with fire. However, those rye ears that Mitya cultivated seem to have brightened up now.

They're waking up! - Mitya said joyfully to the teacher. - They will wake up!

Of course they will wake up,” the teacher agreed. - We'll wake them up!

She took the students with her, and Mitya was left alone.

“Mom plows, and I help the bread grow,” thought Mitya. “The teacher only has one hand, otherwise she would also be working.”

Gymnasium "BEST" Prepared and conducted for teachers of the primary school department

Literature lesson in 4th grade Topic: “Dry bread” A.P. Platonov

(Methods and techniques of critical thinking strategy)

Teacher: Chernova S.A.

Petropavlovsk, 2009

Open lesson on literature.

Subject: A.P. Platonov “Dry bread”.

Target: to cultivate respect and love for bread, as well as for the people who grow bread

Equipment: portrait of A.P. Platonov, years of life, illustration, book exhibition, spikelets.

During the classes:

I. Guess the riddle:

student: Lumpy, spongy,

and sour, and fresh, and tasty,

and round, and soft, and paw,

both black and white, and nice to all people.

(Bread).

Today we will talk about bread.

Do you know that...

student: ... The main chemical component of bread is carbohydrates. The main carbohydrate is starch. With bread, a person receives the proteins, vitamins and minerals necessary for life.

student: ... One of the most amazing smells on earth is the smell of freshly baked bread. But why does bread smell delicious? It turns out that the smell of bread is one of the richest and most complex in composition. It arises from the interaction of more than sixty aromatic elements.

student: ... One grain yields about 20 milligrams of flour, this means that baking one loaf of bread requires flour from grinding 10 thousand grains.

student: ... In besieged Leningrad, bread was given out on ration cards. The daily norm was 125 grams.

student: ... You're walking down the street and you see a piece of bread in the dirt - pick it up! Lift it up, put it higher so that the birds will peck it, so that human labor and human life will not be trampled into the dirt.

student: ... Every schoolchild must firmly understand: if you take a piece of bread in the cafeteria, eat it! If you don't want to eat, don't take it!

student: ... D. Swift said: “The one who brings the greatest benefit to his fatherland is the one who grew two ears of corn in a field where one had previously grown!”

Category: “Did you know that ..." is posted on a cool display where you can learn a lot about bread.

Today in class we will work on the content of Andrei Platonovich Platonov’s story “Dry Bread”.

The purpose of the lesson: to cultivate respect and love for bread, as well as for the people who grow bread.

What kind of person was the writer A.P. Platonov?

10th student: A.P. Platonov (Klimentov) was born in 1899. This is the author of surprisingly wise children's stories and fairy tales, which are distinguished by their original plot and unusual language. They make you think about very serious questions. First he studied at a parish school, then at a city school. There were 10 people in the family, he was the eldest among the children.

The writer had a difficult life and creative destiny. He was a worker, a mechanic, and an assistant driver. But this harsh school of work strengthened his character, taught him to understand life, and strengthened his faith in people. The writer's main love was books. I read and wrote about everything myself. Readers of A.P. Platonov’s work did not immediately understand and accept it. They sometimes seemed too peculiar, original, and complex, because they did not contain direct answers to the questions posed. A.P. Platonov died in 1951.

Who are the main characters of A.P. Platonov’s story “Dry Bread”? (Mitya Klimov, mother). What other characters are present in the story? (teacher Elena Petrovna, children).

Why is the story named like that?

We begin work on the content of the story and drawing up a plan.

Reader p. 125. We are working on part I of the story.

What was the name of the village where Mitya lived?

How old was he?

What did you find out about Mitya’s father?

What did you find out about your grandfather?

What didn’t Mitya understand?

Reading the dialogue with. 125. Author, Mitya, mother.

What was Mitya afraid of?

How did mom work?

What kind of summer was it? (read excerpt).

How did the boy help his mother?

What did Mitya want most?

What did he come up with to quickly become big and strong? With. 126 (read excerpt).

Prove that mom was caring.

What did Mitya expect from passers-by?

Dialogue with. 127. Author, Mitya, mother. How can I title part I? Mom's assistant.

What is said in Part II of the story?

What is the barn compared to? (with the old man).

Find the description of the barn p.127. What was in it? (axe, plow, wheel from a home spinning wheel, awl, hoe).

What was said about the hoe? With. 128.

Why was this instrument the most talked about? How can you title part II? Memory.

Working on part III of the story.

What was next to the Klimovs' yard? Kolkhoz field.

What was sown in the field? Rye.

What picture did Mitya see every day when he walked to his mother across the collective farm field? p.128, (read excerpt).

Watch the scene (mother, Mitya).

What did the boy decide to do? p.129 .

What did Mitya do accidentally? How did you get out of the situation?

What did you do? (with a hoe and hands).

Prove that the boy worked enthusiastically?

Who called him? What did you ask about? What did you suggest? With. 129.

What did Mitya answer? What a heart you have - small but big!

What did Elena Petrovna say?

Find a passage where a boy and a teacher worked together.

What happened the next day?

Why did Mitya get up early? What did you see?

Read the ending of the story.

How can you title III Part? Saving bread.

Which part of the story does the illustration belong to? With. 126 (find the passage).

Brief summary of the plan. Work in fours (independently).

Everything about bread first and then.

Characteristics of Mitya.

Characteristics of the mother.

Characteristics of the teacher.

Characteristics of children.

Explain the meaning of the proverb. To whom does it apply? “He who knows how to work is not afraid of work.”

Performance by six groups.

What upset you about this work? What made you happy? What does the story teach? What conclusion can be drawn? Do you think Mitya will ensure that the bread survives? Why? Can he be called a winner?

Now listen to the poem that K. Sysolyatina wrote with her family after reading the story “Dry Bread.”

Dry bread.

Little Mitya lived with his mother in the village. His father died in the war.

The boy walked with his mother in the field and saw how rye grew on the dried earth.

Mom went to the field to fetch the plow.

He undertook to carry water to the arable land.

The foolish Mitya had to learn the hardships of peasant life early.

He wanted to grow up strong and strong, so that he could plow in the field instead of his mother.

I thought that if I ate a lot of bread,

It will grow faster - grow up.

Mitya found a hoe in the old barn.

His old grandfather worked with her.

The grandson will work with this hoe,

My grandfather has been dead for a long time.

Mitya walked through the grain field,

I saw how rye dries without rain. The boy decided: “We need to come up with something, We need to save her as soon as possible.”

Mitya wanted the dew to wet

Roots of dried rye ears.

He began to loosen the dry soil with a hoe

And damaged the roots of the stems.

I put the hoe aside and started with my hands

Carefully loosen the earth around,

So as not to hurt the blades of grass. You need to drink some bread and some water.

So he worked long, hard,

I didn’t see or hear anyone around.

Then he came to his senses, it seemed like someone

He called out to him quietly.

There was this woman - a teacher from the school. - What are you digging here? - she asked.

Mitya replied: “I save bread,

Let him grow, I help him.”

In the morning the boy came to the field early. We woke up and his spikelets came to life.

And Mitya was glad, he helped his mother

Save grains from destruction.

The children came to the field and began to work.

So that a good, big harvest grows. Such heroes as a rural boy,

Always lead by example and always respect.

Lesson summary: Bread is not just food. The moral wealth or wretchedness of a person is determined by the attitude towards bread. Bread is the measure of the human soul!

Respect for bread is memory, it is history, it is national culture. These are millions of problems, joys and sorrows.

Bread is our past, present and future, it is our life! These are millions of people of high souls, interesting destinies, people known to us by name and nameless, to whom we owe a piece of bread. Ratings.

Homework: write an essay about bread. Exhibition of books.

Platonov's language is called "clumsy", "primitive", "homemade". This writer had an original style of writing. His works are replete with grammatical and lexical errors, but this is precisely what makes the dialogues alive and real. The article will discuss the story “Dry Bread,” which reflects the life of rural residents.

Platonov's heroes are simple people, usually uneducated. They cannot imagine their life without hard physical labor.

The key motif in the work of Andrei Platonov is the theme of death and overcoming it. The writer expressed a deep philosophical thought in the story “Dry Bread.” However, here the theme of death is revealed through the prism of children's perception.

Rogachevka

The writer often visited this village in the Voronezh region. It is here that the events of the story “Dry Bread” by Platonov take place, a summary of which is presented below.

Rogachevka is located 30 km from Voronezh. In 1924, a power station was built in the village, in which Andrei Platonov, who at that time held the position of provincial land reclamation officer, was directly involved.

Heroes of the story

The main character of the book "Dry Bread" is Mitya Klimov. The author does not name his age, but at the end of the work he says: “His mother promised to send him to school in the fall.” That is, the boy is seven years old. The action of Platonov's story "Dry Bread" takes place in the summer.

The boy lives in the village with his mother. His father died during the war. Mitya doesn’t remember Grandpa at all. However, he remembers the dull sad voice and the warmth that emanated from this man. In the work “Dry Bread,” Platonov amazingly managed to convey the inner world of a child.

Other heroes of the work are Mitya’s mother, teacher Elena Petrovna. There are only three characters in Platonov's story.

Death theme

The boy is just beginning to explore this world. And every subject arouses interest in him. He also often thinks about death. Mitya doesn’t know what she is, because he’s never seen her.

He asks his mother: “Is grandpa sleeping in the ground?” She answers in the affirmative. The boy now thinks that his grandfather is sleeping because he is tired. He tries in every possible way to help his mother in order to preserve her strength. After all, if she gets tired, she will also fall asleep and disappear...

Drought

In the story "Dry Bread" Platonov depicted rural life. Mitya's mother works in the field. Platonov, in his characteristic bright, lively style, paints a picture of village life: “The hot wind blows from morning to evening, it blows the fire away from the sun and carries it across the earth.”

“Dry Bread” is a work that is written in a very poetic language, however, like other stories and stories by Andrei Platonov. In addition, “Dry Bread” has optimistic notes. The boy sees how hard it is for his mother and tries to help her. She explains to him in simple, village language why drought is dangerous. If there is no rain, there will be no bread.

Platonov was inspired to create the work “Dry Bread” by the tragic events of the post-war years.

In 1946, famine began in the country. Its occurrence was influenced by several factors, including drought. The harvest has declined catastrophically. The newspapers later wrote that the lack of rain was to blame. Modern researchers argue that the cause of the famine was not so much the drought as the policy of the authorities. But of course, nothing is said about this in the work “Dry Bread”. Events are shown through the eyes of a child. And there is no talk about hunger in the story - only about the scorching hot sun and hard peasant labor, which in such conditions becomes completely unbearable.

Mother

The heroine of the story "Dry Bread" is a classic image of a Russian village woman. She works hard without sparing herself. Work is the basis of her life. The main task of this woman is to raise her son.

Mitya's mother seems big and strong. Nevertheless, he often asks: “Aren’t you going to tire yourself out?” (that is, you will get tired and die). And she replies: “No, I’m healthy, not old, I still have to raise you.”

Get big

Mitya wants to work, but his mother does not allow him. He says that he is still small and cannot work like her. Then the boy decides to become big at all costs. How to do it? You need to eat a lot of bread. Mitya thinks so and begins to absorb the bread pulp, washing it down with water. He eats almost all the rug, and the next day he suffers from stomach pain.

The boy goes to the arable land to his mother, and looks back along the way. But none of the passers-by notice any changes in him. He remained a little boy, too early to work. “Your time to plow will come!” - his mother tells him.

The boy got angry - he doesn’t want to be little. He became angry with everyone who was bigger and stronger than him. Even my mother. But she smiled, and everything around suddenly became kind: the gray earth, the hot wind, and the blade of grass.

Old barn

Platonov conveys the experiences of the little boy, the hero of the work “Dry Bread,” by describing various objects and Mitya’s attitude towards them.

He has no one except his mother. Mitya does not go to school yet. His social circle is very narrow. He hardly remembers his dead relatives. But there is an old barn in their yard, and there are many interesting objects in it. For Mitya, these objects serve as a kind of connection with his father and grandfather.

In the barn, which the author calls the “old man’s barn,” lies an ax that belonged to Mitya’s grandfather. There is wooden tackle and a spinning wheel. The shed also contains old tools that his father used. One day the boy finds an oak hoe and realizes that with the help of this object he will finally be able to help his mother.

Field

Why did Platonov call his work “Dry Bread”? Every day the boy comes to the field where his mother works. Here he sees a picture that makes any villager sad. The author describes the dry grain field so colorfully that the reader, who has never been to the village, is imbued with the experiences of the hero of the story.

“The rye is dying, small blades of grass occasionally stand alive” - this is the picture that Mitya sees every day. The mother explains to the boy that he cannot live without moisture. Mitya understands that without rain the field will fall asleep. Just like his father and grandfather fell asleep. He takes a wooden hoe and begins to loosen the ground. Mitya believes that if he does this every day, the dew that collects in the morning will penetrate deep into the ground.

teacher

Mitya works long hours, selflessly. He sees nothing but dormant blades of grass. And suddenly he hears someone's voice. This is a teacher who knows every village boy. She was in the war and lost her arm there.

Elena Petrovna never felt sorry for herself. She smiled welcomingly at everyone, despite the fact that she was crippled. Approaching the boy, the teacher asked what he was doing. Mitya replied: “I help the bread so that it survives.”

Elena Petrovna was touched by this hardworking, serious boy beyond his years. The next day she had to go on an excursion with her students. I also invited Mitya. But the boy refused. “The bread is dying, we have no time,” was his answer.

Elena Petrovna began to help Mitya, although she had only one hand, and it was very difficult for her to work. The next day she came to the field with her students. They didn't go on the excursion. They took narrow hoes from the collective farm, and Elena Petrovna showed them how to work to make dry bread grow. That day it seemed to Mitya that the blades of grass were coming to life.

This is the content of Platonov’s story “Dry Bread”. The main idea of the work is this: only love, understanding, and caring for each other can save us from trouble. The main character of the story, despite his young age, shows responsibility, which not every adult is capable of. His serious views on life amaze the teacher. And he himself serves as an example for other children.

It is worth saying that the drought in 1946 was so severe that no collective work could save the country from hunger. In addition, a lot of grain was exported that year. The work of A.P. Platonov is not devoid of romanticism and faith in communist ideals.

The writer’s worldview was formed in his youth, but later he lost faith in Soviet ideology. His fate was tragic. It is worth citing some facts from the biography of this wonderful writer.

About the author of the story "Dry Bread"

A.P. Platonov was born into a simple working-class family. His father was a locomotive driver. There were ten children in the family. The future writer, as the eldest, actively helped his parents. From an early age he was accustomed to work. He worked as a day laborer, an assistant driver, and a foundry worker.

During the Civil War, Platonov served as a front-line correspondent and at the same time was engaged in literary creativity. He wrote his most significant works in the late twenties.

In 1931, Platonov published the work “For Future Use,” which caused an angry reaction from critics. From that moment on, serious problems began in the writer’s life, which subsided for a while only during the Great Patriotic War. Andrei Platonov wrote truthful works that could not attract approval from Soviet censors.