Bazarov and Arkady are the young generation. Can the relationship between Bazarov and Arkady be called friendship? Arkady and Bazarov, friends or enemies

The novel “Fathers and Sons” by Turgenev was written in 1862. As D.I. Pisarev notes, the work is devoid of both the beginning and the denouement. There is no clear, deliberate plan here. But at the same time, the novel describes completely different types and characters, and there are vividly drawn pictures. Here you can clearly feel Turgenev’s attitude towards his characters and the events unfolding on the pages of the novel.

At the beginning of the novel we see that Arkady is completely under the influence of his friend Bazarov. Despite the fact that he often gets into arguments with him, he idolizes his older friend. Arriving home, Arkady is even somewhat embarrassed by his family in front of Bazarov. He speaks deliberately casually with his father and uncle, trying to show that he is already a fully grown and independent person. Unlike Bazarov, Arkady is still developing as a person. He absorbs everything new and quickly falls under the influence of those around him. So, for example, Odintsova, having a great understanding of people, immediately begins to treat Arkady as a younger brother. Despite the admiration for Bazarov, already at the beginning of the novel one can notice differences in the views of the friends. Arkady is more humane, gentle, he does not reject feelings, he loves art and nature. Bazarov is interesting to the young man as a strong independent personality, but it cannot be said that Arkady unconditionally accepts all his friend’s reasoning. He is dissatisfied when a friend, with his usual cynicism, reflects on his relatives young man, about Anna Sergeevna Odintsova, and in general about the people around her. Bazarov treats Arkady more as an obedient student and comrade-in-arms than as a friend. All arguments with a friend are somewhat instructive in nature. When a young man calls on a friend to take pity on Pavel Petrovich, Bazarov sharply replies that he does not consider a man “who put his whole life on the line.” female love", a real man, a "male". Next comes the idea that “every person must educate himself.” Bazarov does not hesitate to set himself as an example, knowing that Arkady is fascinated by his ideas as a nihilist. The more the young man gets to know his friend, the closer he gets to know him, the more often the thought arises that Bazarov is contradicting himself. So, for example, he notices with surprise that Evgeny feels shy in front of Odintsova and behaves unnaturally cheekily. Although he previously convinced Arkady that the relationship between a man and a woman can be fully explained from the point of view of physiology. The young man subtly senses the change in Bazarov when he falls in love with Anna Sergeevna. At first, he feels jealous and upset about the current state of affairs. However, he quickly resigns himself, recognizing the superiority of his friend, and directs all his attention to Odintsova’s younger sister Ekaterina Sergeevna.

I think Bazarov is attracted to Arcadia by his youth, freshness of perception, liveliness of feelings. He is somewhat flattered by his younger friend's reverent attitude towards himself. He condescends to become friends with Arkady, easily refuting all his friend’s arguments about feelings, women, and art. Arcadia has something that Bazarov does not have: a naive, unclouded perception of the world by cynicism, the ability to enjoy life and find the bright sides in it.

A split in the relationship between friends begins to emerge in Maryino, in Arkady’s house. The young man does not agree with Bazarov’s opinion that Nikolai Petrovich is a “retired man” and “his song is over.” Arkady is not able to “throw away” a person, even if his views are outdated. Be it a father or just a stranger. The culmination of tension in the relationship between friends can be considered the moment when Bazarov speaks out about Sitnikov’s arrival: “I need such boobies... It’s not really for the gods to burn pots...” Only now before Arkady “the whole bottomless abyss opened up for a moment Bazarov's pride." The young man begins to understand how his friend treats him, but old habit He is still trying to maintain friendly relations with Bazarov. Leaving Odintsova, he begs to go to a friend’s tarantass, although “twenty-five miles seemed like as much as fifty.” Arkady was unpleasantly surprised by how Bazarov treated his parents, which also did not help strengthen the friendship between friends. The young man gradually leaves the influence of his friend. He falls in love with Katya and gradually becomes imbued with her views on life. Bazarov understands his friend’s condition very well. He realizes that the friendship has come to an end, that it is time to say goodbye to his old friend forever. In a conversation with Arkady, Evgeniy asserts that he “has neither insolence nor anger” and that therefore he is not suitable for the job. He considers his friend to be too soft a gentleman, a romantic, and understands how far he and Arkady are from each other. Bazarov does not consider it necessary to continue friendly relations. By and large, he never perceived Arkady as a friend, since he is a loner by nature. Therefore, having parted with the young man, Bazarov erases him from his memory. When his father suggests that Evgeny, who is dying of infection, send for a friend to say goodbye, he has difficulty remembering the name of Arkady Kirsanov and refuses to meet with him.

Turgenev’s novel “Fathers and Sons” depicts the era of the 60s of the 19th century, when significant changes were brewing in Russian life. At this time, a new type of progressive figure was being formed in Russia - a democrat commoner. The central place in the novel is occupied by the figure of a new man - Evgeny Bazarov. He is one of those young figures of the era who “want to fight.” People of the older generation who do not share new beliefs are portrayed by Turgenev as weak, and there are many “traces of nobility” in them.

But the young generation is also presented in the novel as heterogeneous. Bazarov and Arkady are friends, they receive the same education, and at first it seems that their views on life also coincide. However, their relationship still cannot be called friendship, because friendship is impossible without mutual understanding, it cannot be based on the subordination of one to the other. Throughout the entire novel, a weak nature (Arkady) submits to a stronger one (Bazarov). The difference between the heroes is visible in their behavior on the Kirsanov estate. Bazarov is working, Arkady is sybaritizing. Bazarov is a man of action.

The main thing for him is the natural sciences, the study of nature and testing theoretical knowledge in practice. Passion for natural sciences is a typical feature cultural life Russia of the 60s. Bazarov and Arkady express completely different opinions in relation to art. Bazarov denies Pushkin, says that Raphael is not worth a penny.

Arkady appreciates and loves literature. On the way to the estate, he and his father read Pushkin by heart: How sad your appearance is to me, Spring, spring, the time of love! Arkady is always neat, well dressed, and has aristocratic manners.

Bazarov wears a “long robe with tassels,” and when meeting Pavel Petrovich, “he didn’t shake his hand and even put it back in his pocket.” A major disagreement arose between Bazarov and Arkady in a conversation about the role of nature in human life. “Nature is not a temple, but a workshop,” says Bazarov. Already here, Arkady’s resistance to Bazarov’s views is visible, gradually the “student” leaves the power of the “teacher.” The climax of the development of the conflict between the heroes is the dispute “in a haystack” (Chapter XXI). “You are a gentle soul, a slob,” says Bazarov, realizing that their paths with Arkady diverge. “You’re a nice guy, but you’re still a soft, liberal gentleman.” The further fates of the heroes develop differently.

Arkady continues the traditions of his family; even the weddings of father and son Kirsanov took place on the same day. Bazarov dies from blood poisoning. “Russia needs me...

No, apparently it’s not needed.” Pisarev very accurately assesses the reasons for the disagreements between Bazarov and Arkady: “Bazarov’s attitude towards his comrade casts a bright streak of light on his character; Bazarov has no friend, because he has not yet met a person who would not give in to him. Bazarov’s personality closes in on itself, because outside of it and around it there are almost no elements that are joyful to it.” The work of I. S. Turgenev was written in 1860-1861.

The basis of this novel is social conflict between the “fathers,” that is, the “past century,” and the “children,” the “present century.” The main characters of Turgenev's work are Evgeny Vasilyevich Bazarov and Arkady Nikolaevich Kirsanov. At first glance we see that these two images are very similar. Indeed, both heroes are young (about the same age, although Evgeniy Vasilyevich is older than Kirsanov), both study at the same university. Both Arkady and Bazarov are representatives of the same ideological circle, the nihilists, from which it is clear that they both share the same moral beliefs and principles.

It would seem that Arkady and Bazarov have the same paths (that is, moral principles), but in fact their ideology differs, since Arkady belongs to the “past century”, and Bazarov is a representative of the “present century”. First of all, Bazarov and Arkady have different social backgrounds.

The Kirsanovs belong to a family of wealthy noble aristocrats, while Evgeniy Vasilyevich “comes from” a rather poor commoner family. Different social status leaves an imprint on the character and ideological beliefs of Bazarov and Arkady. From early childhood, Kirsanov was accustomed to care and love, as his parents did everything to ensure that Arkady lived calmly and happily. “The couple lived well and quietly... and Arkady grew and grew - also well and quietly.” This is why Arkady is drawn home to see his father and he is sincerely glad to be back from university. “Arkady spoke in a somewhat hoarse, but sonorous youthful voice, cheerfully responding to his father’s caresses.”

Bazarov, on the contrary, grew up to be an independent person, since he left home in his youth and got used to living without parental care. When meeting them, Evgeny Vasilyevich does not experience much joy, and he is annoyed by his parents’ affections. Bazarov constantly interrupts his father and tells Arkady about him as “a very funny old man and the kindest... He talks a lot.” Bazarov feels superior to his parents. In some way, he even despises them, since he cannot understand how they “don’t stink of their own insignificance.” This attitude towards his relatives is strongly influenced by Bazarov’s beliefs.

By nature, Evgeny Vasilyevich is a nihilist, that is, a person who does not have any principles, does not adhere to any beliefs and denies everything. Nihilists do only what is beneficial and useful to them. “We act on what we recognize as useful. At the present time, denial is the most useful thing - we deny. Building is no longer our business...

First we need to clear the place.” Bazarov does not even recognize art. In his opinion, all this is “romanticism, nonsense, nonsense,” and Raphael and other great artists “are not worth a penny.” Bazarov’s principles are not a mask, since even before death, at the moment when people sum up their whole life, Evgeny Vasilyevich does not give up his convictions, although he understands that he has done nothing for the benefit of humanity and has achieved nothing, since his time has not yet come. “And I also thought: I’ll screw up a lot of things... after all, I’m a giant! And now the giant’s whole task is to die decently...

Russia needs me... No, apparently I don’t.” Arkady is a follower of Bazarov. He admires and worships his friend.

He is trying with all his might to be like him, which is why he “puts on” the principles and beliefs of Evgeniy Vasilyevich - Arkady “is on his own, and the beliefs dangle by themselves” (D. I. Pisarev). An example of this is Arkady’s meeting with his father. Kirsanov is sincerely glad to be returning home, but he tries to hide his feelings from Bazarov and takes on an indifferent appearance. “...Arkady, who, despite the sincere, almost childish joy that filled him, wanted to quickly turn the conversation from an excited mood to an ordinary one.”

Arkady loves poetry and sometimes doesn't mind daydreaming. He speaks beautifully and floridly, while his friend is always laconic. “Oh my friend, Arkady Nikolaevich! - exclaimed Bazarov. “...Don’t talk nicely.”

Ahead of Arkady lies a quiet family life with his wife Katya, because he is a typical gentleman and will continue the traditions of his grandfather and father. Bazarov himself understands this and calls Kirsanov “a soft, liberal barich who cannot go beyond noble humility or noble boiling.” Thus, we see that in fact the beliefs of Arkady Nikolaevich Kirsanov are just a mask, so he can theoretically be attributed to the “camp of the fathers,” while Bazarov is a true nihilist and “a democrat to the tips of his nails” (I.S.

In 1862, Turgenev wrote the novel “Fathers and Sons.” In his novel, Turgenev showed a man new era- this is the democrat commoner Bazarov.

Throughout the entire novel, his friend Arkady is shown next to Bazarov. By their beliefs and origins, they belong to different social classes; according to their convictions, Bazarov is “a democrat to the core.” The friends study together at the medical faculty of the university; they have been connected by several years of friendship.

Arkady falls under the influence of Bazarov and wants to be like him. He sincerely shares his views.

Arkady is forced to join the nihilists by “young courage and youthful enthusiasm.” But he is not guided by Bazarov’s ideas in life. They do not become an organic part of him, which is why he will so easily abandon them later. Bazarov says to Arkady: “Our dust will eat your eyes, our dirt will stain you.” That is, Arkady is not ready for the tart, bitter life of a revolutionary. Bazarov, assessing the life of a revolutionary, is right on the one hand, but wrong on the other. Breaking existing foundations, traditions, and views always causes fierce resistance, and it’s hard for the progressive fighters. The revolutionary democratic ideal of happiness is revolutionary activity for the benefit of the people, despite personal adversity.

Arkady is not ready for this. Liberals do not “fight,” but “imagine themselves to be great; revolutionaries want to fight.” Giving an assessment of Arkady, Bazarov identifies him with the entire liberal camp. Spoiled by life in a noble estate, Arkady “involuntarily admires himself”; he enjoys “scolding himself.” This is boring for Bazarov, he “needs to break others.” Arkady only wanted to seem like a revolutionary, but in his heart he always remained a “liberal gentleman.”

Arkady appreciates Bazarov for his willpower, energy, and ability to work. At the Kirsanov estate, Bazarov is received cordially. Arkady asks his family to take care of Bazarov. But Bazarov’s revolutionary democracy does not at all fit in with the liberal aristocracy of the Kirsanov house. He does not fit into their life, full of idleness. And here, as a guest, Bazarov continues to work. The lifestyle of friends on the estate is expressed in the phrase: “Arkady was a sybaritist, Bazarov worked.” Bazarov conducts experiments, reads special books, collects collections, and treats village peasants. In the eyes of revolutionaries, work is a necessary condition of life. Arkady is never seen at work. Here, on the estate, Bazarov’s attitude to both nature and the people is revealed.

Bazarov considers nature not a temple, but a workshop, and a person in it as a worker. For Arkady, as for all the Kirsanovs, nature is an object of admiration and contemplation. For Bazarov this means lordship. He objects to prayerful contemplation of nature, lordly enjoyment of its beauty, he demands an active attitude towards it. He himself treats nature as a caring owner. Nature pleases him when he sees the fruits of active intervention in it. And here, too, the points of view of Arkady and Bazarov diverge, although Arkady does not talk about this.

The attitudes of Bazarov and Arkady to both love and women are different.

Bazarov is skeptical about love. He says that only a fool can feel free with a woman. But meeting Odintsova changes his views on love. She impresses Bazarov with her beauty, charm, and ability to behave with dignity and tact. Feelings for her arise when spiritual communication begins. She is smart, able to understand him.

I know Arkady

1. New!

   I. S. Turgenev's novel "Fathers and Sons" was written in 1861 - at a time when the centuries-old foundations of Russia were changing. One of the themes of the work is eternal theme love. In the novel we see vivid love stories: the love story of Pavel Petrovich...

For more than half a century, Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev was at the center of the social and spiritual life of Russia and Western Europe, striving, in his own words, “during all this time... to embody into proper types what Shakespeare calls the very image...

In the novel by I.S. Turgenev “Fathers and Sons” political, philosophical and moral problems. The work touches on the so-called “eternal issues”: the relationship between the older and younger generations (“fathers and sons”), love and friendship, life choices...

2. New!

   1. New type of hero. 2. Features of the portrayal of “new” people in the novel. 3. The tragic loneliness of Bazarov as a “hero of the time.” 4. The open ending of the novel. I wanted to make him a tragic face... I dreamed of a gloomy, wild, big figure...

3. New!

Bazarov and Arkady. The theme of friendship. Friendship is the spiritual closeness of people, mutual understanding, willingness to understand another person, to help him in difficult situation. If there is no mutual understanding between friends, then there can be no true friendship. I. S. Turgenev writes about this in the novel “Fathers and Sons”.

His main character- Evgeny Bazarov. He is a man of new times, a nihilist. Bazarov is interested in natural sciences, is preparing to become a doctor, dreams of transformations in Russia, of improving the life of the peasantry. Arkady Kirsanov is drawn to Bazarov precisely because he is not like others and is passionate about new ideas. Kirsanov tries to imitate his friend. But for Bazarov, Arkady is a young boy, a romantic, whom he treats with condescension.

Arkady and Evgeny were raised in different conditions. Kirsanov grew up in his father's rich landowner's house, and from childhood he was surrounded by parental care and affection. Life in the village flowed sleepily and leisurely. Nikolai Petrovich, his father, lived like other landowners, “occasionally went hunting and took care of the farm.”

Evgeniy's parents live much more modestly, in a small village house covered with a thatched roof. His family is closer to the common people: his father is a former military man, his mother is “a real Russian noblewoman of the past.” They live the old fashioned way, accustomed to work. And Evgeniy, in a dispute with Pavel Petrovich, proudly declares: “My grandfather plowed the land.” Evgeny was used to working since childhood, and even on vacation at the Kirsanov estate, “Arkady was sybaritizing, Bazarov was working.” He conducts experiments on frogs, treats ordinary people. Arkady strives to help his friend, but I think that natural sciences are not his passion. He is closer to nature, music, poetry. And yet Kirsanov is drawn to Bazarov as a person; it is not for nothing that he pronounces the word “nihilist” with such pathos. In the Kirsanovs' house, Bazarov is a stranger, the old people do not share his beliefs, they have their own principles.

It is strange to them that Bazarov denies art, poetry, religion, love. And it’s hard for Arkady to understand his friend’s beliefs, although he supports him. Kirsanov Jr. finds his happiness in his love for Katya Odintsova, because these heroes have a lot in common.

Family happiness is important to Arkady. Bazarov falls in love with Katya's sister, Anna Odintsova. However, Anna rejects his feelings. Gradually, Bazarov and Arkady move further and further away from each other, because they do not have common interests. Moreover, Evgeny himself pushes his friend away: “You are a gentle soul, a weakling, where can you hate!.. You are a nice fellow, but you are still a soft, liberal gentleman...”.

In my opinion, Bazarov himself is to blame for his loneliness. None of the people around him understand or accept nihilism. Evgeny himself pushes away both his sweet, kind parents and Arkady. Kirsanov is sorry to say goodbye to his friend, because his soul cannot hate someone or push someone away. If you want to have real friends, you must accept them, perhaps come to terms with some shortcomings, and not impose your opinion. The strong, of course, can subjugate the weak, but this is not friendship, but only admiration. True friendship is built on mutual understanding, common interests and the ability to give in.

In 1862, Turgenev wrote the novel “Fathers and Sons.” During this period, a final break was outlined between two social camps: liberal and revolutionary-democratic. In his work, Turgenev showed a man of a new era. This is the democrat commoner Bazarov.
Throughout the entire novel, his friend Arkady is next to Bazarov. They study together at the medical faculty of the university. They are connected by several years of friendship.
Arkady falls under the influence of Bazarov and wants to be like him. He sincerely shares his views.
Arkady is forced to join the nihilists by “young courage and youthful enthusiasm.” But he is not guided by Bazarov’s ideas in life. They do not become an organic part of him, which is why Arkady will so easily abandon them later. The revolutionary democratic ideal of happiness is activity for the benefit of the people, despite personal adversity. Arkady is not ready for this, since he is a “soft liberal baric.” In “youthful enthusiasm,” liberals do not go beyond noble ebullience, but for Bazarov this is “nonsense.” Liberals do not “fight,” but “imagine themselves to be great; revolutionaries want to fight.” Giving an assessment of Arkady, Bazarov identifies him with the entire liberal camp. Spoiled by life in a noble estate, Arkady “involuntarily admires himself,” he enjoys “scolding himself.” This is boring for Bazarov, he “needs to break others.” Arkady just wanted to seem like a revolutionary; there was a lot of youthful posturing in him, but in his soul he always remained a “liberal gentleman.”
Arkady appreciates Bazarov for his willpower, energy, and ability to work. At the Kirsanov estate, Bazarov is received cordially. Arkady asks his family to take care of their friend. But Bazarov’s revolutionary democracy does not at all fit in with the liberal aristocracy of the Kirsanov house. He does not fit into their life, full of idleness. And here, as a guest, Bazarov continues to work. The lifestyle of friends on the estate is expressed in one phrase: “Arkady was a sybaritist, Bazarov worked.”
Bazarov considers nature not a temple, but a workshop, and a person in it as a worker. For Arkady, as for all the Kirsanovs, nature is an object of admiration and contemplation. Bazarov objects to the prayerful contemplation of nature, the lordly enjoyment of its beauty. He requires an active attitude towards her. He himself treats nature as a caring owner. Nature pleases him when he sees the fruits of man's active intervention in it.
Friends have different attitudes towards love. Bazarov is a skeptic here. He says that only a fool can feel free with a woman. However, meeting Odintsova changes his views on love. But Odintsova is an epicurean young lady. Peace is above all else for her. And she does not allow the feeling that is emerging in her for Bazarov to flare up.
Arkady's ideal is precisely in the family, in the estate, of which he is even more convinced after meeting Katya.
Bazarov is close to serfs. For them he is “a brother, not a master.” This is confirmed by his speech, which contains many popular proverbs and sayings. Arkady, for his peasants, always remains a master, a master.
Bazarov is too demanding of himself. He tells Arkady that “every person must educate himself.” His nihilism leads him to become ashamed of natural human feelings. He seeks to suppress their manifestations in himself. Hence Bazarov’s dryness even towards people close to him. But when asked by Arkady whether Bazarov loves his parents, he answers simply and sincerely: “I love you, Arkady!”
Bazarov's nihilism leads to the denial of old and new art. For him, “Raphael is not worth a penny...”. He believes that “at 44 years old, playing the cello is stupid,” and reading Pushkin is “no good.” He considers art a form of profit. For him, “a decent chemist is more useful than any poet,” and art is not capable of changing anything in life. And this is the extreme of Bazarov’s nihilism. The hero emphasizes the importance of scientists for Russia, since Russia then lagged behind the West in science.
Arkady and Bazarov seem to oppose each other, and this is the conflict of the novel, expressed by the technique of contrast.
Thus, the breakup between Bazarov and Arkady is inevitable. Arkady is not ready for the “tart, bitter, bourgeois life” of a democrat. And friends say goodbye forever. Bazarov breaks up with Arkady without saying a single friendly word to him. He says that he has other words for Arkady, but to express them is romanticism for Bazarov.
Bazarov dies, remaining true to his convictions. It is before death that their strength is tested. Nihilistic beliefs did not take root in Arkady. He understands that the life of a revolutionary democrat is not for him. Bazarov dies a nihilist, and Arkady remains a “liberal gentleman.”